Animal Behavior: Texas A&M University

Animal Behavior Research Programs

Most of the animal behavior research at Texas A&M is "applied ethology", or studying the behavior of animals that are under the control of people and then linking that to some aspect of stress or welfare. Some of our studies are also relatively basic, dealing with issues such as cognition, perception, and measurement of stress.

Partial List of Publications - 1993 to 2003:

Nevill, C. H., T. H. Friend and M. J. Toscano. 2004. The effects of exercise on stereotypic pacing in circus tigers. Appl.

Anim. Behav. Sci. (submitted)

Krawczel, P.D., T.H. Friend and A. Windom. 2004. Effects of performance on stereotypic behavior in circus tigers. Appl.

Anim. Behav. Sci. (submitted)

Nevill, C. H., T. H. Friend and M. J. Toscano. 2004. Survey of transport environments of circus tiger (Panthera Tigris)

acts. J. Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 35:167-174.

Williams, J. L., T. H. Friend, C. H. Nevill, and G. Archer. 2004. The efficacy of a secondary reinforcer (clicker) during

acquisition and extinction of an operant task in horses. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci.88:331-341. 2004clickertraining.pdf

Archer, G.S., S. Dindot, T.H. Friend, S. Walker, G. Zaunbrecher, B. Lawhorn and j. A. Piedrahita. 2003. Hierarchial phenotypic and epigenetic variation in cloned swine. Biol. Reprod. 69:430-436. 2003BORClone.pdf

Archer, G. S., T. H. Friend, J. Piedrahita, C. H. Nevill, and S. Walker. 2003. Behavioral variation among cloned pigs. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 82: 151-161. 2003clonedpig.pdf

Nevill, C. H., T. H. Friend. 2003. The behavior of circus tigers during transport. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 82:329-337.

Williams, J. L. and T. H. Friend. 2003. Behavior of circus elephants during transport. J. Elephant Managers Association 14:8-11 2003jemaeletransport.doc

Williams, J. L., T. H. Friend, M. J. Toscano, M. N. Collins, A. Sisto-Burt, and C. H. Nevill. 2003. The effects of an imprint training procedure conducted at birth on the reactions of foals at six months of age. Equine Veterinary J. 35:127-132.

Broucek, J., M. Uhrincat, C.W. Arave, T. H. Friend, S. Mihina, P. Kisac and A. Hanus. 2002. Effects of rearing methods of heifers during milk replacement period on their postweaning behaviour in the maze. Acta Vet. Brno. 71:509-516.

Williams, J. L., T. H. Friend, M. J. Toscano, M. N. Collins, A. Sisto-Burt, and C. H. Nevill. 2002. The effects of imprint training on the reactions of foals at one, two, and three months of age. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 77:105-114. 2002clickertraining.pdf

Toscano, M. J., T. H. Friend and C. H. Nevill. 2001 Environmental conditions and body temperature of circus elephants transported during relatively high and low temperature conditions. J. Elephant Managers Assoc. 12:115-149.

Friend, T. H. 2001. A review of the recent research on the transportation of horses. J. Anim. Sci. 79(Electronic Supplement):E32-E40.

Toscano, M.J. and T. H. Friend. 2001. A note on the effects of forward and rear-facing orientations on movement of horses during transport. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 73:281-287.

Sisto, A. M. and T. H. Friend. 2001. The effect of confinement on motivation to exercise in young dairy calves. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 73:83-91.

Reece, V. P., T. H. Friend, C. H. Stull, T. Grandin and T. Cordes. 2000. Equine slaughter transport – update on research and regulations. J. Amer. Vet. Med. Assoc. 216:1253-1258.

Gibbs, A. E. and T. H. Friend. 2000. Effect of animal density and trough placement on drinking behavior and dehydration in slaughter horses. J. Equine Vet. Sci. 20:643-650.

Friend, T. H. 2000. Dehydration, stress and water consumption in horses during long-distance commercial transport. J. Anim. Sci. 78:2568-2580.

Gruber, T. M., T. H. Friend, J. M. Gardner, J. M. Packard, B. Beaver, and D. Bushong. 2000. Variation in stereotypic behavior related to restraint in circus elephants. Zoo Biology 19:209-221. 2000elestereo.pdf

Bushong, D. M., T. H. Friend and D. A. Knabe. 2000. Salivary and plasma cortisol response to acute or depot release of adrenocorticotropin in barrows. Laboratory Animals 34:171-181.

Keddy-Hector, A., C. Allen and T. Friend. 2000. Cognition in domestic Pigs: relational concepts and error recognition. J. Comp. Psych. (submitted).

Collins, M. N., T. H. Friend, F. D. Jousan and S. C. Chen. 1999. Effects of density on displacement, falls, injuries, and orientation during horse transportation. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 67:169-179.

Anderson, M. K., T. H. Friend, J. W. Evans and D. M. Bushong. 1999. Behavioral assessment of horses in therapeutic riding programs. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 63:11-24.

Friend, T. H. 1999. Behavior of picketed circus elephants. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 62:73-88. 1999elepicketpen2.pdf

Gibbs, A. E. and T. H. Friend. 1999. Horse preference for orientation during transport and the effect of orientation on balancing ability. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 63:1-9.

Friend, T. H. and M. L. Parker. 1999. The effect of penning versus picketing on stereotypic behavior of circus elephants. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 64:213-225. 1999elepicketpen.pdf

Lay, Jr., D. C., T. H. Friend, R. D. Randel, C. L. Bowers, K. K. Grissom, D. A. Neuendorff and O. C. Jenkins. 1998. Restricted nursing affects a calf's physiological and behavioral reactions to subsequent restraint and weaning. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 56:109-119.

Friend, T. H., M. Martin, D. Householder and D. M. Bushong. 1998. Stress responses of horses during commercial truck transport. J. Amer. Vet. Med. Assoc. 212:838-844.

Lay, D. C., Jr., R. D. Randel, J. A. Carroll, T. H. Friend, T. H. Welsh, Jr., O. C. Jenkins, D. A. Neuendorff, D. M. Bushong, and G. M. Kapp. 1997. Effects of prenatal stress on the fetal calf. Domestic. Anim. End.. 14:73-80.

Lay, D. C., Jr., R. D. Randel, T. H. Friend, T. H. Welsh, Jr., O. C. Jenkins, D. A. Neuendorff, D. M. Bushong, E. K. Lanier, and M. K. Bjorge. 1997. Effects of prenatal stress on the suckling calf. Journal of Animal Science. 75:3143-3151.

Kapp, G. M., T. H. Friend, D. A. Knabe, D. M. Bushong, and D. C. Lay, Jr. 1997. Nutritional, physiological, and behavioral effects of metabolism crates on lambs. Contemp. Topica Lab. Anim. Sci.. 36(S):61-65.

Hsieth, M-L., T. H. Friend, D. C. Lay, Jr., and G. G. Wagner. 1996. The effect of confinement in metabolism stalls on cortisol, antibody production, and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity of lambs. Contemp. Topics Lab. Anim. Sci.. 35:48-52.

Olesen, L. S., C. M. Nygard, T. H. Friend, D. Bushong, D. A. Knabe, K. S. Vestergard, and R. K. Vaugghan. 1996. Effect of partitioning pens on aggressive behavior of pigs regrouped at weaning. Applied Animal Behavioral Science. 46:167-174.

Lay, D. C., Jr., T. H. Friend, R. D. Randel, O. C. Jenkins, D. A. Neuendorff, G. M. Kapp, and D. M. Bushong. 1996. Adrenocorticotropic hormone dose response and some physiological effects of transportation on pregnant Brahman cattle. Journal of Animal Science. 74:1806-0811.

Friend, T. H., D. C. Lay, Jr., d. M. Bushong, and D. W. Pierce. 1994. Wisconsin's "Stale Calf" issue and a study designed to resolve some of the anmal welfare concerns. Journal of Animal Science. 72:2260-2263.

Clark, D. K., T. H. Friend, and G. R. Dellmeier. 1993. The effect or orientation during trailer transport in heart rate, cortisol, and balance in horses. Applied Animal Behavioral Science. 38:179-189.

Bowers, C. L., T. H. Friend, K. K. Grissom, and D. C. Lay, Jr. 1993. Confinement of lambs in metabolism stalls increased adrenal function, thyroxine, and motivation for movement. Applied Animal Behavioral Science. 36:149-158.

ANSC Home | Behavior Home